Results of research on the process of pine tree decay

In June 2013, through the initiative of the Agency of Protected Areas (APA), the main specialist of the Agency and Dr. Christian Tomichek, an Austrian expert invited by the German Organization for International Cooperation (GIZ), conducted research at Tusheti National Park to examine the ecosystems of Sosnovski pine trees that had been damaged by different types of parasites. 

The study revealed that 70% of the pine trees located in the territory of Tusheti National Park, namely Tsitelta, Que and villages Shenako, Diklo, Tsokalta and Khiso have been damaged by a type of bark eaters called the small and large Pine Gardener (Lapnichamia). The damage caused by these insects dries out pine trees’ needles and can eventually totally destroy the tree. The sharp increase in the population of the pine gardener and other such parasites is related to climate change. Additionally, insects periodically increase in population size every 20-24 years. As a result of the changes in temperature and precipitation levels, the pine trees are more prone to disease. Consequently, it is easier for the parasites to damage the trees.

The Georgian Agrarian University’s Mountain Forestry Institute, winner of a tender announced by the APA has made the following recommendations: carry out selective logging to remove diseased trees; clear forests of tree blockage; plant “Insect catching” trees  throughout the park’s forests; install  pheromones to attract and exterminate harmful insects.

By following the Mountain Forestry Institute’s recommendations, it will be possible to remove the parasites’ primary targets and mitigate the damage they can cause to the trees within the park.

Considering the importance of this particular issue, the APA recommends that a public discussion is held where all stakeholders – public and non-public (NGO) – will have the opportunity to share their opinions, perspectives, and plans so that the best decision is made to preserve Georgia’s forests and avoid irreversible adverse outcomes.